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English 
Dichloromethane, also known as dichloromethane, methyl chloroform, or DCM, is a colorless organic compound with a irritating odor similar to ether, with a chemical formula of CH2Cl2. This compound is made by the replacement of two hydrogen atoms in methane (CH4) by chlorine atoms. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether, it is a non-combustible low-boiling solvent under normal use conditions. When its vapor becomes high in high concentration in high temperature air, weakly burning mixed gas will be generated, which is often used to replace flammable petroleum ether, ether, etc. It has good solubility and is widely used in industrial fields, such as industrial solvents, intermediates and coolants. It also has important uses in pharmaceutical preparation, laboratory and pharmaceutical industries.
Chemical reaction:
Hydrolysis reaction: Dichloromethane can undergo hydrolysis reaction under basic conditions. For example, in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), the reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the hydroxide ions act as nucleophilic reagents to attack the carbon atoms in the dichloromethane molecule. The result of the reaction is the formation of formaldehyde (HCHO) and chloride ions as well as water. However, the hydrolysis reaction of dichloromethane is relatively slow because the covalent bond between carbon atoms and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure has certain stability.
Halogenation reaction: Dichloromethane can further halogenation reaction. For example, under conditions such as light or high temperature, react with chlorine, the hydrogen atoms in the molecule can be gradually replaced by chlorine atoms to form polyhalomethane such as trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride.
Reaction with benzene: When dichloromethane reacts with benzene in the presence of aluminum trichloride, diphenylmethane is generated. In this reaction, aluminum trichloride acts as a Lewis acid catalyst, which can react with dichloromethane to polarize the carbon-chlorine bond of dichloromethane, thereby making it easier to undergo an electrophilic substitution reaction with benzene. The π electron cloud of benzene acts as a nucleophilic agent to attack the polarized dichloromethane molecules, and finally produces dibenzenemethane through a series of reaction steps.
Thermal decomposition reaction: Dichloromethane can decompose hydrochloric acid (HCl), carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and highly toxic phosgene (COCl2) when heated and damp. Phosgene is a very dangerous chemical substance and is very toxic. During industrial production and use, special attention should be paid to avoid the decomposition of dichloromethane in high temperature and humid environments.
Dichloromethane, also known as dichloromethane, methyl chloroform, or DCM, is a colorless organic compound with a irritating odor similar to ether, with a chemical formula of CH2Cl2. This compound is made by the replacement of two hydrogen atoms in methane (CH4) by chlorine atoms. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether, it is a non-combustible low-boiling solvent under normal use conditions. When its vapor becomes high in high concentration in high temperature air, weakly burning mixed gas will be generated, which is often used to replace flammable petroleum ether, ether, etc. It has good solubility and is widely used in industrial fields, such as industrial solvents, intermediates and coolants. It also has important uses in pharmaceutical preparation, laboratory and pharmaceutical industries.
Chemical reaction:
Hydrolysis reaction: Dichloromethane can undergo hydrolysis reaction under basic conditions. For example, in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), the reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the hydroxide ions act as nucleophilic reagents to attack the carbon atoms in the dichloromethane molecule. The result of the reaction is the formation of formaldehyde (HCHO) and chloride ions as well as water. However, the hydrolysis reaction of dichloromethane is relatively slow because the covalent bond between carbon atoms and chlorine atoms in its molecular structure has certain stability.
Halogenation reaction: Dichloromethane can further halogenation reaction. For example, under conditions such as light or high temperature, react with chlorine, the hydrogen atoms in the molecule can be gradually replaced by chlorine atoms to form polyhalomethane such as trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride.
Reaction with benzene: When dichloromethane reacts with benzene in the presence of aluminum trichloride, diphenylmethane is generated. In this reaction, aluminum trichloride acts as a Lewis acid catalyst, which can react with dichloromethane to polarize the carbon-chlorine bond of dichloromethane, thereby making it easier to undergo an electrophilic substitution reaction with benzene. The π electron cloud of benzene acts as a nucleophilic agent to attack the polarized dichloromethane molecules, and finally produces dibenzenemethane through a series of reaction steps.
Thermal decomposition reaction: Dichloromethane can decompose hydrochloric acid (HCl), carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and highly toxic phosgene (COCl2) when heated and damp. Phosgene is a very dangerous chemical substance and is very toxic. During industrial production and use, special attention should be paid to avoid the decomposition of dichloromethane in high temperature and humid environments.
