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English 
Phenol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5OH. It is a colorless needle-like crystal with a special odor. It is toxic and is an important raw material for the production of certain resins, fungicides, preservatives and drugs (such as aspirin ).
Chemical Properties:
1. Acid-base reaction: Hydrogen of hydroxyl groups is easily dissociated into hydrogen ions, so it manifests as acidity, reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium phenol: PhOH+NaOH→PhONa+H2O
2. Color reaction: Phenol looks purple when it encounters ferric chloride solution, because phenol root ions form a colored complex with Fe.
6PhOH+FeCl3→H3[Fe(OPh)6](Purple)+3HCl
3. Substitution reaction: The reaction on the phenol aromatic ring is mainly manifested as electrophilic substitution reactions, such as halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, alkylation, acylation, carboxylation and coupling reaction with diazon salt. This is because the hydroxyl group has an electron donation effect, which increases the electron cloud density of benzene ring.
4. Phenol is easily oxidized to form benzenequinone (pink), further oxidizes to form brown polymers
Phenol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5OH. It is a colorless needle-like crystal with a special odor. It is toxic and is an important raw material for the production of certain resins, fungicides, preservatives and drugs (such as aspirin ).
Chemical Properties:
1. Acid-base reaction: Hydrogen of hydroxyl groups is easily dissociated into hydrogen ions, so it manifests as acidity, reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium phenol: PhOH+NaOH→PhONa+H2O
2. Color reaction: Phenol looks purple when it encounters ferric chloride solution, because phenol root ions form a colored complex with Fe.
6PhOH+FeCl3→H3[Fe(OPh)6](Purple)+3HCl
3. Substitution reaction: The reaction on the phenol aromatic ring is mainly manifested as electrophilic substitution reactions, such as halogenation, nitration, sulfonation, alkylation, acylation, carboxylation and coupling reaction with diazon salt. This is because the hydroxyl group has an electron donation effect, which increases the electron cloud density of benzene ring.
4. Phenol is easily oxidized to form benzenequinone (pink), further oxidizes to form brown polymers
